Two women (A and B) from a rural village in Limpopo went to the forest to fetch firewood, during the process they lost each other. It was extremely hot, and they spend the complete day trying to look for each other without having food or water. It is known that should a person spend a complete day without having water especially when it is hot, they become dehydrated. With the aid of the diagram full discuss the mechanism that leads to dehydration and the impact thereof on the urine output.

Dehydration is the loss of excess fluid and electrolytes from the body in the form of sweat, urine, and diarrhea, which also include mean of water loss.
Dehydration reduces the blood volume, which reduces the renal blood flow. It is sensed by the Baroreceptor in the kidney and trigger the release of. Vasopressin, the ADH or vasopressin is a peptide hormone released from the posterior pituitary gland.
It increases the water reabsorption from collecting ducts by binding to the vasopressin receptor V1 and V2, which are a type of G protein coupled receptor.
As the idiots promotes water reabsorption through the aquaporin, it prevents quick dehydration of the body during the low fluid volume.
The prevention or reduction of water loss helps to maintain the normal collide asthmatic pressure.
The areas release is stimulated by the reduced word volume in the body, such as during hypertension and dehydration.
The release is decreased during high fluid volume condition as such as hypertension.
The cause-and-effect mechanism involved in this regulatory mechanism is dehydration and fluid retention.

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Dehydration Mechanism and Urine Output ( with diagram)